Brainspotting is a type of psychotherapy for people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), developed by David Grand in 2003. The therapy involves finding fixed-eye positions that activate brain regions responsible for processing emotions and memory. A 2024 study comparing five weeks of brainspotting therapy to treatment as usual (including cognitive-behavioral, solution-focused, person-centered, and psychodynamic therapy) in 27 participants found that brainspotting may be as effective as conventional treatments in reducing trauma-related symptoms, depression, and anxiety.
How Brainspotting Works
Research from 2015 suggests brainspotting may help reset the brain’s response to traumatic memories. During a mindfulness or psychotherapy session, individuals focus on a specific distressing memory while maintaining eyes in a fixed position. The therapy is related to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy; EMDR uses rapid eye movements to process trauma, while brainspotting maintains eyes in a fixed position to achieve similar effects. Research from 2013 suggests healing occurs at the midbrain level, specifically the superior colliculi, which processes visual and auditory information, and the periaqueductal gray, associated with pain control and anxiety responses. The approach also may access deep brain activity including the amygdala, which is associated with emotions and memory.
Three Methods for Finding Effective Eye Positions
Outside window involves a therapist moving a pointer horizontally across the visual field while looking for involuntary responses. Inside window uses horizontal and then vertical eye positions based on self-reported activation levels. Gazespotting involves the therapist noting the natural flow of eye gaze to a specific spot and encouraging the individual to maintain that position during mindfulness.
Treatment Outcomes and Considerations
A 2022 research study found both EMDR and brainspotting reduced measures of distress regarding specific distressing memories after a single 40-minute session and at follow-up 4 to 6 weeks later. However, brainspotting is not intended for use during acute crisis or severe psychiatric conditions. Most research has been performed in small groups. The national average cost for a therapy session paid in cash is $143.26, though costs vary by location, therapist, and session length. Many insurance plans cover mental health services including brainspotting when billed as psychotherapy.
This article is an AI-assisted summary. All facts and figures are drawn from the original report: https://www.healthline.com/health/brainspotting-therapy